Dialysis-associated peritonitis in patients with automated peritoneal dialysis vs. continuous outpatient peritoneal dialysis.

A single-center observational study.

Abstract

Introduction: The number of people requiring dialysis in Mexico increases between 6% and 12% annually. Peritoneal dialysis (PD)- related peritonitis is the leading cause of a permanent transition to hemodialysis. Its appearance is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased morbidity and mortality, higher costs, and increased long-term sequelae of the peritoneal membrane. The study aimed to describe the epidemiology of patients with dialysis-associated peritonitis treated in the emergency department at a referral hospital in Mexico, comparing treatment modalities.

Methods: The present observational, analytical, retrospective study was conducted from March 2021 to February 2022 at the General Hospital of Zone and Family Medicine 1 of Pachuca-Hidalgo. The variables were demographic, clinical, and laboratory. Descriptive statistics, proportions, and confidence intervals for a proportion are used. An analysis is presented comparing the two PD modalities.

Results: 142 confirmed cases are compared to the target statistical population of 1147 patients, with an infection rate of 12.3% (95% CI 10.4%-14.2%). In APD, they were 56/642 (0.0872 cases/patient/year), and in CAPD, they were 86/505 (0.170 c/p/a) P<0.0001. The most frequent etiology was E.coli (36.28%).

Conclusion: Los pacientes en programas de diálisis peritoneal automatizada tuevieron una menor prevalencia de peritonitis comparada con el grupo de diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria.